India Art

Mystery surrounds the early arts of India as almost nothing of it remains; this is probably due to the perishable materials used and the lack of understanding of it by a succession of conquering invaders.

But the basic elements of the ancient arts must have survived as the ascetic and sensual nature of the native peoples permeates the arts.

The first solid references to native art can be found from the Indus Valley Civilisation. Although traditional painting and wall art has rarely survived, craft has withstood the ravages of time and numerous foreign invasions and continues to flourish.

It was then influenced through a series of Rulers and religious beliefs which resulted in the gradual development of classical art. The Vedas belong to this period and form the basis of Indian religion.

 Following this Aryan period the Stupa, a development of ancient burial monuments emerged. These grand structures consisted of a stone hemisphere representing the universe, raised on platforms and ornately decorated.

Here emerged the art we recognise today with its decorated reliefs and paintings of deities, mythical creatures and heavenly spirits.

The sculptors were gifted artists but rarely expressed their own ideas, instead mostly following rules of the priests.

Bodies were made to echo the movements and attitudes of dancing and the female form was of special importance and works had to be seductive and express joy and love.

Probably the most influential period regarding the development of painting and architecture were the Persian Moslem Moghul emperors who refined and advanced the arts as seen in miniature paintings, the building of grand palaces such as the Taj Mahal, fabrics, bronzes and ceramics.

A revival in the traditional Hindu style followed the decline of the Moghul empire, however the British occupation brought with it new changes and possibilities to the arts.

The art and craft tradition has revolved around religious beliefs, local needs of the commoners, as well as the special needs of the patrons and royalty, along with an eye for foreign and domestic trade.

Probably the most colourful of the world’s native arts, it can be seen everywhere in vivid fabrics and house and temple decorations.